<p>The Public Library of New London is a historic library, located at 63 Huntington Street at the corner of State Street, in New London, Connecticut. The library, which was given to the city by Henry Philomen Haven, and was designed by Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge in the Richardsonian Romanesque style; George Warren Cole was the project supervisor.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>In 1876, the whaling merchant Henry P. Haven died, and his money was to be split amongst his three children. The third which was to be bequeathed to his son Thomas Haven, who died, was given to a trust and to be used for "charitable and benevolent purposes". In 1881 the trustees deemed a public library as fitting this purpose and secured a charter in 1882. The trustees hired Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge of Boston, the successors Henry Hobson Richardson to design the library.</p><br>
<p>Working from Richardson&#39;s preliminary designs, Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge designed the building and retained the popular Richardsonian architecture used in other libraries. The firm sent George Warren Cole to be the project supervisor. Cole also served as the supervisor of the Williams Memorial Institute and the Nathan Hale School. Work commenced in 1889 and it was completed and opened by July 1891.</p><br>
<h2>Alteration and expansion</h2><br>
<p>The 1970 National Register of Historic Places nomination stated that the building had not been altered save for "one possible exception of an elevator which although it appears to date from the nineteenth century does not appear in the plans." However, in 1974 the library added a 15,000 square foot extension. Further renovations increased the space for administrative offices and collections, concluding in March 2001. Five years later, in 2006, the Children&#39;s area and meeting rooms also underwent renovations.</p><br>
<p>Alden Tavern Site is a historic site in Lebanon, Connecticut. The tavern was originally built in 1738 and owned by Captain Alden. By 1850, it had passed to Aldens descendent, Mr. Wattles. The Alden Tavern is well known for being the site of the horsewhipping of a captive General Richard Prescott, commander of the British troops of Rhode Island, by the taverns owner Captain Alden when he dined at Alden&#39;s tavern. The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1998 and listed under the "Event" and "Information Potential" criteria. It was listed as only having fieldstone foundations remaining. A parking lot was paved over the site in 2010, adding 26 paved spaces and 70 spaces in overflow parking on a grass field. It is now known as the Alden Tavern Parking Lot by the town of Lebanon.</p><br>
<h2>Owners</h2><br>
<p>In the American Revolutionary War the tavern was run by Captain Alden. Around 1850, it was owned by Mr. Wattles, a descendant of Captain Alden. The taverns last owner or date of destruction is unknown, but it was part of the town green by the 1903 publication of Butterworths book, Brother Jonathan.</p><br>
<h2>Historical significance</h2><br>
<p>The Alden Tavern is well known for being the site of the horsewhipping of a captive General Richard Prescott, commander of the British troops of Rhode Island, by the taverns owner Captain Alden. Several days after Prescotts capture, he was escorted to General George Washingtons headquarters, but on the trip came to dine at Aldens tavern. Several books detail different accounts and portrayals of the exchanges which led to Prescotts whipping, all involving the Prescott being served "the common dish of corn and beans" and throwing the food on the floor. Three of Benson Lossings books recount this tale, in The Pictorial Field-Book of the Revolution Volume 1 (1852), Our Countrymen (1855) and Lives of Celebrated Americans: Comprising Biographies of Three Hundred and Forty Eminent Persons (1869). It also appears in similar wording in The Boys of 76: A History of the Battles of the Revolution by Charles Coffin in 1876, with Prescotts line being: "Do you give me the pigs feed". The story has persisted and a fictional account was referenced in 2010 in Martha Finleys Elsie Yachting with the Raymonds.</p><br>
<h2>Fate</h2><br>
<p>The site was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 13, 1998 and it was noted that fieldstone foundations remained. The town received a Small Town Economic Assistance Program grant for $250,000 to construct the parking lot. Coit Excavating won the contract with the lowest bid of $193,000 and began construction in April 2010 and was expected to be completed by May 31, 2010. The paved parking lot has 26 spots with 70 more for overflow in a grass field. It is now known as the Alden Tavern Parking Lot.</p><br>
<p>Cos Cob Power Station was a historic power station near the Metro North Railroad tracks, the Mianus River and Sound Shore Drive in the Cos Cob area of Greenwich, Connecticut.</p><br>
<p>The Spanish Revival style station building of 1907 was significant as part of the first mainline railroad electrification in the United States, using alternating current (AC) electrification. The New York City subway systems and a Hudson River railroad line used lower voltage direct current (DC) electrification, but for longer distances that would mean high transmission losses or frequent and closely spaced substations.</p><br>
<p>A 1903 New York State law prohibited the use of steam locomotives in New York City. The New Haven line of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad ran commuter trains into the city, and electrification all the way to New Haven would avoid massive congestion and delays to commuter trains if locomotives were changed at the New York City limits or at Stamford, CT.</p><br>
<p>The "New Haven" chose AC electrification as proposed by Baldwin-Westinghouse, with locomotives which could operate on the third-rail DC system within city limits, and the AC system on the main line.</p><br>
<p>The plant was built by Westinghouse in 1907 in Mission Style, and was located on Long Island Sound. The plant used coal-fired steam turbines, and the three-phase alternators supplied single-phase power at 11 kV 25 Hz directly to the catenary. They also supplied power to the New York Centrals Port Morris generating station to compensate the NYC for power consumed by New Haven trains on the NYCs third-rail supplied line to the Grand Central Terminal within the city limits.</p><br>
<p>The station was designated a Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark in 1982 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.</p><br>
<p>The power station was decommissioned in 1986-87.</p><br>
<p>The plant was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990, but despite the listing and local and national debate, the plant was demolished in 2001.</p><br>
<p>Maxwell E. Perkins House is a historic house at 63 Park Street in New Canaan, Connecticut.</p><br>
<p>The Greek Revival house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. The house was home to Maxwell E. Perkins, the editor of Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald and Thomas Wolfe.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1836 for Mrs. Clarinda Fitch Ayres (a widow) and her unmarried brothers. During the 19th century, the house was first a private house and then was used as a boarding house. After a period as a day school (1919-1924), the house was acquired by Maxwell E. Perkins and his wife who lived in the house with their five daughters. The house was in very poor condition by the time it was purchased by Richard and Sandra Bergmann, architects who restored the house for use both as their architectural offices and their house.</p><br>
<p>Rock Ledge is a historic estate on Highland Avenue in the Rowayton section of Norwalk, Connecticut. It was built 1911-13 featuring Tudor Revival and Jacobethan Revival architecture. Edward Moeller designed the 1911 lodge, and Tracy Walker the 1913 main house, after the 1911 house burned down. The mansion belonged to a USA Steel executive. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1910, James A. Farrell, later president of the United States Steel Corporation, built a Tudor revival mansion, which burned down in 1913 and was rebuilt in granite. The estate was later bought by the Sperry Rand Corporation, and it was on these grounds that the corporation developed the first business computer, known as the UNIVAC. Since 1966, the Farrell family stables have been converted to the Rowayton Community Center and the Rowayton Library. In 1964, part of the estate was purchased by the Thomas School for girls, a day and boarding school founded by Mabel Thomas in 1922. The school later merged with other private schools in the area, eventually becoming King Low Heywood Thomas in 1988. The school is now co-educational and located in Stamford, Connecticut. The mansion and attached office building was previously owned by Hewitt Associates. Currently, the main house of the estate is home to Graham Capital. Graham Capital Management LP purchased the historic Rock Ledge property at 40 Highland Avenue in the Rowayton area of Norwalk, Connecticut, which underwent renovations to become a state-of-the-art financial center. The 102,492-square-foot office building and adjoining Rock Ledge mansion were purchased from Hewitt Associates for $17.3 million or approximately $169 per square foot. The complex was renamed the "Rock Ledge Financial Center." Renovations to the financial center included state-of-the-art communications systems to enable sophisticated trading capabilities, and additional amenities include an athletic facility, dining facility and a 15-acre waterfront site. The refurbishments were completed in December 2003, and the building was occupied in early 2004.</p><br>
<p>The Church of the Good Shepherd and Parish House is an Episcopal church at 155 Wyllys Street in Hartford, Connecticut. It was commissioned by Elizabeth Jarvis Colt, the widow of Samuel Colt and completed in 1867. The church and its associated parish house were designed by Edward Tuckerman Potter, and serve as a memorial to Samuel Colt and members of his family. The church and parish house were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975, and became a contributing property to the Coltsville Historic District in 2008.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Church of the Good Shepherd is located in Hartfords Coltsville area south of the downtown, on the southeast side of Wyllys Street just south of its junction with Charter Oak Avenue. It is a masonry structure, built out of Portland brownstone and Ohio sandstone. It is roughly T shaped and has Gothic Revival styling. It has a steeply pitched polychrome slate roof, with parapeted gable ends that have crosses at the peaks. A square tower with buttresses rises at one of the crooks of the T, with a low crenellated battlement below the octagonal spire. The interior features a variety of stone types in the construction of the floors and columns, and has heavy chestnut timbers in the roof framing. The southwest entrance arch is carved with examples of the workers tools used in the Samuel Colt&#39;s factory.</p><br>
<p>The church was commissioned in 1866 by Elizabeth Jarvis Colt, and serves as a memorial to her husband Samuel, who died in 1862, and two of their infant children. The parish house was built in 1895, also to a design by Potter, as a memorial to Colt&#39;s son Caldwell Hart Colt who died in 1894. Potter had come out of retirement to design this building. It continues the Gothic architectural detailing found on the church, but is more symmetrical in its massing.</p><br>
<p>Christ Church Cathedral is a historic church at 955 Main Street in downtown Hartford, Connecticut. Built in the 1820s to a design by Ithiel Town, it is one of the earliest known examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. It is the cathedral church of the Episcopal Diocese of Connecticut, whose offices are next door at 45 Church Street.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and history</h2><br>
<p>Christ Church Cathedral stands in downtown Hartford at the southwest corner of Church and Main Streets, surrounded by large-scale commercial buildings. It is a basically rectangular brownstone structure, with a square tower centered at its eastern end. The main facade is divided into three sections by the tower, each of which has a doorway set in a two-story Gothic-arched recess, with a window above. The sides are five bays deep, with buttresses separating Gothic-arched windows, and brownstone finials at intervals along the roof line. The finial details are repeated at the top of the tower, which is surrounded by a low balustrade.</p><br>
<p>Anglican services have been held in Connecticut since 1702. The Episcopal Diocese of Connecticut was organized in 1785 by Samuel Seabury. This church was designed by New Haven architect Ithiel Town, who designed that citys Trinity Church. Primary construction of the edifice lasted from 1827 to 1829, with the tower (designed by Nathaniel Sheldon Wheaton, after traveling to see country churches in England) not completed until 1939. These two Town designs are the oldest known examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the United States. Later additions to the building include alterations designed by Henry Austin, George Keller, Frederick Withers, and Ralph Adams Cram. These were typically done with great care to enhance or complement Towns original design.</p><br>
<p>The First Church of Christ and the Ancient Burying Ground  is a historic church and cemetery at 60 Gold Street in Hartford, Connecticut. It is the oldest church congregation in Hartford, founded in 1636 by Thomas Hooker. The present building, the congregations fourth, was built in 1807, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. The adjacent cemetery, formally set apart in 1640, was the citys sole cemetery until 1803.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The First Church of Christ is located in downtown Hartford, at the corner of Main and Gold Streets. It is a prominent local example of Classical Revival architecture, probably designed by Daniel Wadsworth based on the church of Saint Martin in the Fields in London. The brick building is fronted by a monumental two-story temple portico with modified Ionic columns, and is surmounted by a three-stage tower that repeats the columns at smaller scale on each major level. There are three entrances on the main facade, each topped by a half-round fanlight window. The Ancient Burying Ground extends west and north of the church.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Hartford congregation was founded as a Reformed congregation in 1636 with Thomas Hooker serving as the first pastor. The members of the congregation had previously migrated from England to Massachusetts and spent four years there before leaving Massachusetts after a dispute with the Puritan leaders of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The old burial ground adjacent to the building in Hartford dates to around 1640. The current church meeting house dates to 1807 and is the fourth meeting house to serve as a place of worship for the congregation. The church meeting house and cemetery were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. The congregation is currently affiliated with the United Church of Christ (UCC).</p><br>
<h2>Notable members and persons buried in the burying ground</h2><br>
<p>Thomas Hooker, Founder of Connecticut</p><br>
<p>William Leete, Governor of Connecticut</p><br>
<p>Joseph Talcott, Governor of Connecticut</p><br>
<p>Jeremiah Wadsworth, United States House of Representatives</p><br>
<p>Thomas Welles, Governor of Connecticut</p><br>
<p>George Wyllys, Governor of Connecticut</p><br>
<p>The Fourth Congregational Church, also known historically as the Horace Bushnell Congregational Church and now as the Liberty Christian Church, is a historic church at Albany Avenue and Vine Street in Hartford, Connecticut. The church building was built in 1913-14 using parts of an older Greek Revival church, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982 for its architecture and role in local historical preservation efforts.</p><br>
<h2>Building description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Fourth Congregational Church building is located in Hartford&#39;s north side Clay-Arsenal neighborhood, at the northwest corner of Vine Street and Albany Avenue (United States Route 44). It is a single-story brick building, with a gabled roof trimmed in wood, and a concrete foundation. It is set at an angle and on a rise on its lot, giving it visual prominence over the local streetscape. The main facade consists of a monumental six-column Corinthian portico, with a full entablature and dentillated full pediment. A multi-stage tower with clock and bell stages rises to an octagonal spire.</p><br>
<p>The building was designed by Davis and Brooks and built in 1913-14 for a congregation known as The Free Church and later as the Fourth Congregational Church, established in 1832. This church building notably reused the doors, steeple, and portico of the congregation&#39;s old church, an 1850 building designed by New Haven architect Sidney Mason Stone. The Bushnell congregation was formed in 1954 by the merger of the Fourth Congregational with the congregation of the Windsor Avenue Congregational Church building on Main Street.</p><br>
<p>The Metropolitan African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church  is a historic Methodist Episcopal Church at 2051 Main Street in Hartford, Connecticut. This High Victorian Gothic structure was built in 1873-74 for an Episcopal congregation, and has since 1926 been the home to the city&#39;s oldest African-American congregation, which was established in 1833. The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and history</h2><br>
<p>The Metropolitan African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church is located in Hartford north side Clay-Arsenal neighborhood, on the west side of Main Street just north of Mahl Avenue. It is a large 3-1/2 story brick structure with stone trim. A large gable faces the street, with a pair of entrances at opposite ends of the facade. The left entrance is topped by a buttressed tower with belfry and steeple. Windows have Gothic pointed arches, and are set in varying groups and sizes on the facade, with pale stone headers. Stone beltcourses separate the various levels of the building.</p><br>
<p>The church was built in 1873-74 for a predominantly white Methodist Episcopal congregation. That congregation moved to a new building in 1919, selling this one to a Jewish congregation, which used it as a synagogue until 1926. The present congregation, whose roots date to 1833, purchased the building in that year. The Metropolitan AME congregation was first located on Elm Street, in a building later taken by the city as part of Bushnell Park. It then built a new church on Pearl Street, which was replaced by a larger one on the same site in 1898, which it occupied until acquiring this property.</p><br>
<p>Northam Memorial Chapel and Gallup Memorial Gateway, also known as Cedar Hill Chapel and Gateway, are a historic chapel and gateway in the Cedar Hill Cemetery at 453 Fairfield Avenue in Hartford, Connecticut, USA. Although not part of that cemetery&#39;s original rural cemetery design, they are a prominent work of architect George Keller, designed in 1882 and completed in 1889. The Gothic Revival structures were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Cedar Hill Cemetery is located in southwestern Hartford, with its boundaries extending into neighoring Newington. The cemetery was laid out in 1866 in a variant of the then-fashionable rural cemetery style. The main cemetery entrance is in Hartford, at the junction of Fairfield and Maple Avenues. The roadway is flanked by a stone gateway. The gateway consists of a two-leaf gate with columns and curved flanking walls, and is flanked by a small waiting room on the left side of the gate and an office building of similar scale to the right. The granite for these structures and the adjacent chapel was quarried in Westerly, Rhode Island.</p><br>
<p>Immediately to the left of these structures stands the Northam Memorial Chapel. It is a Gothic Revival stone structure, with a slate roof and a small bell tower. The interior of the chapel has a polychrome tile floor, cherry pews, and a series of large exposed wooden trusses supporting the roof. The chancel arch and other trim elements are red sandstone.</p><br>
<p>The chapel was designed by George Keller and built in 1882, funded by gifts from the Charles Northam, a West Indies merchant, and other members of his family.This complex was built in 1889, and named in honor of Julia Gallup, wife of David Gallup, a local businessman, banker, and judge. This collection of buildings form a cohesive and complementary addition to the rural cemetery design of Jacob Weidenmann, who laid out Cedar Hill Cemetery.</p><br>
<p>St. Paul&#39;s Methodist Episcopal Church, known more recently as the Templo Sion Pentecostal Church, is a historic church at 1886-1906 Park Street in Hartford, Connecticut, United States. Built in 1900, it is a good example of Romanesque Revival design. It was built for a working-class congregation to a design by the nationally known church architect George W. Kramer, proponent of the Akron plan of church interiors, which this one follows. The church was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The church formerly known as St. Pauls is located in Hartfords Parkville neighborhood, on the north side of Park Street at its junction with Amity Street. It is a modestly scaled brick building, with complex hipped roof arrangement that includes large gables facing both Park and Amity. The Park Street facade is asymmetrical, with a large square tower on the right housing the main entrance, and a smaller one on the left. The gable in between has a band of four square stained glass windows, surmounted by a trio of arched windows, the largest in the center. The flanking tower each have entrances deeply recessed under round arches.</p><br>
<p>The Parkville area developed as an industrial village beginning in the 1870s, experiencing its greatest growth between 1890 and the First World War. St. Pauls was organized in 1891 as a daughter congregation of the South Park Methodist Church, meeting first in private residences and later in a frame church built in 1894. By 1898 the congregation was too large for that building, and the present building was commissioned. It was formally dedicated in 1900. The church towers upper levels were extensively damaged by the New England Hurricane of 1938, and were removed, leaving the present squat configuration. An extension to the rear was added in the 1950s to provide space for Sunday School instruction.</p><br>
<p>The church congregation merged with the First United Methodist Church in 1975, and moved into the latter&#39;s facilities. This building stood vacant for a time, and was purchased in 1979 by the Templo Sion Pentecostal Church, its present occupant.</p><br>
<p>The Sts. Cyril and Methodius Church is a historic Roman Catholic church at 55 Charter Oak Avenue in Hartford, Connecticut. It is a large, two story brick structure with limestone trim, designed by Timothy G. OConnell and built in 1914 to serve the citys growing Polish-American population. The interior in particular is decorated with symbols generally found in Catholic churches in Poland, including the Polish eagle. The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Saints Cyril and Methodius Church is located south of downtown Hartford, south of Charter Oak Avenue between Charter Oak Place and Popieluszko Court. It is oriented facing east toward Popieluszko Court, and is separated from Charter Oak Avenue by its rectory. It is a large and elaborately styled Romanesque structure, built out of brick with limestone trim. It has a basically rectangular plan, with a gabled roof along its length crowned by a tall tower at the front. A cross gable projects to both sides at the back end of the nave, with a smaller projection at the narthex. There are entrances on the sides of this latter projection and in the center of the main facade, each set in a round-arch opening with rounded windows above. Above each entrance are complexes of tall round-arch windows, the central one rising to the roof level as part of the base of the tower. The tower is crowned by an octagonal spire and cross.</p><br>
<p>Hartfords Polish community grew in the Charter Oak area south of downtown beginning in 1889, as immigrants drawn to jobs in the area. The congregation of Saints Cyril and Methodius was formally organized in 1902, after five years of informal arrangements. It met in a wood-frame church on Charter Oak Avenue built that year. By 1914, the Polish Catholic population had grown to the point where a larger building was needed. The present building was completed in 1916, to a design by Timothy G. OConnell, an architect based in Boston, Massachusetts.</p><br>
<p>The Second Church of Christ, known more recently as the South Congregational Church, is a historic church at 307 Main Street in Hartford, Connecticut. Built in 1825-27, it is one of the oldest surviving public buildings in the city. It is the third home of its congregation, which was founded in 1670, and is one of the oldest purely Congregationalist groups in the nation. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and history</h2><br>
<p>The South Congregational Church is located south of downtown Hartford, at the southwest corner of Main and Buckingham Streets. It is a two story rectangular brick building, fronted by an elaborate tetrastyle Greek Revival temple front, and an elaborate multi-stage tower. The building&#39;s interior is reflective of a mid-19th century Greek Revival restyling conducted by architect Minard Lafever.</p><br>
<p>When the Connecticut Colony was established in the 1630s, its religious organizations were dominated by Rev. Thomas Hooker. Following Hookers death in 1647, issues of church doctrine and governance began to divide his congregation in Hartford. These led to a split in 1670, in which the Second Church was formed by 31 members of that congregation. The congregation claims to adhere to Hookers original covenant, of which they have a copy in his hand. Its first church was built near this spot, as was the second. The present building was constructed in 1825-27, on land previously occupied by the parsonage of its second minister, Thomas Buckingham. It was built by local master builders Nathaniel Woodhouse and William Hayden, and is one of only four surviving public buildings in the city that was built before 1830. In 1847 a two story brick addition was made to the rear and side, carefully designed and integrated into the original by Joseph Camp. This addition was extensively damaged by a tornado in 1979.</p><br>
<p>The Griswold House is a historic house at 171 Boston Street in Guilford, Connecticut. It is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, three bays wide, with a large central chimney. A leanto section to the rear gives the house a classic New England saltbox appearance. The house was probably built in the first or second decade of the 18th century by Thomas Griswold, a local blacksmith. It remained in the hands of his descendants until 1958, when it was acquired by the Guilford Keeping Society. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.</p><br>
<p>The Guilford Keeping Society operates the house as the Thomas Griswold House Museum. The museum includes the late 18th century period New England saltbox house, a historic blacksmith shop, a barn with farm tools and implements, two corn cribs and a Victorian era three seat outhouse. The museum is open seasonally from June through October on a limited number of days each week. The Society also operates the Medad Stone Tavern Museum, an early 19th-century tavern also located in Guilford.</p><br>
<p>The Slater Library is the public library of Griswold, Connecticut. It is located in a historic building at 26 Main Street in the borough of Jewett City.</p><br>
<p>The Romanesque Revival building was constructed in 1884 with funds donated by John Fox Slater, a New England industrialist and philanthropist. The original building was designed by Stephen C. Earle, and was nearly doubled in size in 1930 with the addition of the Fanning Annex, designed by the Norwich firm of Cudworth & Thompson, and funded by a bequest from local businessman David Hale Fanning.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<h2>Griswold Historical Society Museum</h2><br>
<p>The Griswold Historical Society Museum is located on the second floor of the Slater Library. The museums displays illustrate life in New England during the 18th and 19th centuries, and are themed around a farmers workshop, a kitchen, school and children&#39;s playthings. The museum is open on the 1st and 3rd Saturdays of each month in the afternoon.</p><br>
<p>New London Custom House is a historic custom house at 150 Bank Street in New London, Connecticut. It was built in 1833-35 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<p>The building serves as the headquarters of the New London Maritime Society, which operates it as the Custom House Maritime Museum. Exhibits include New London&#39;s maritime history, ship models, the Amistad Affair, the history of the Robert Mills building and regional lighthouses. The Frank L. McGuire Maritime Library (non-circulating) consists of more than 2,300 books, charts, maps and prints.</p><br>
<p>The Society also owns the nearby New London Harbor Light, as well as the offshore Race Rock Light and New London Ledge Light, and operates tours of all three.</p><br>
<p>The Occum Hydroelectric Plant and Dam is a historic hydroelectric plant and dam north of Bridge Street on the west side of the Shetucket River in Norwich, Connecticut.</p><br>
<p>It masonry-concrete dam was built in 1865. It stands 14 feet high, and impounds a maximum of 600 acre-feet of water. The city of Norwich&#39;s Department of Public Utilities owns the site, which was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. The dam was originally built to provide water power to mills located downstream (a use that continued in one mill complex until 1980), and was adapted for electric power generation with the construction of the brick powerhouse in 1934. It is one of a small number of surviving hydroelectric plants in the state which was built before 1940.</p><br>
<p>Whale Oil Row refers to four nearly identical high quality Greek Revival houses, standing side-by-side at 105-119 Huntington Street in New London, Connecticut. All four were built between 1835 and 1845 by Charles Henry Beebe, and three were owned by men directly involved in whaling; the fourth was owned by a dry goods merchant. All four are distinguished by their two-story gabled porticos supported by fluted columns, with a semicircular window in the gable pediment. The first one  is slightly wider than the others, extending on either side of the front portico. This assembly of Greek temple front houses may be unique in the United States.</p><br>
<p>The group of houses was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<p>Kinne Cemetery, also known as the Glasgo Cemetery and Old Kinne Burying Ground, is a historic cemetery in Jarvis Road in Griswold, Connecticut. The earliest marked stone is for Daniel Kinne who died in 1713. In the 1930s, the inscriptions of 79 stones in the Kinne Cemetery were recorded for the Hale Index. There are around 80 fieldstones with no carving or identification, but it is unknown if this stems from wearing of the gneiss stone or that there were no skilled carvers locally available. The seven carvers that have been identified are Lebbeus Kimball, Jotham Warren, Josiah Manning, Peter Barker, Mr. Huntington of Lebanon, E. Marston of Mystic Bridge and O. Doty of Stonington. The National Historic Register of Places nomination notes, "the cemetery is significant artistically because the carving on the stones gives many good examples of the funerary art that was characteristic of the 18th and 19th centuries in New England." The cemetery is notable because of the burial of Isaac C. Glasko, the namesake of the village of Glasgo, and a prominent African American land-holding man who ran a blacksmith shop that was important to the marine industry of the area. The cemetery was made apart of the Connecticut Freedom Trail in 1995 and it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 12, 2001.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Established around 1713, the Kinne Cemetery is one of eighteen family cemeteries in Griswold. It rests upon the land of Joseph Kinne, who came to Griswold from Salem, Massachusetts in 1704 and includes the land of Thomas Kinne, also came from Salem in 1714. The exact date of its founding is unknown, but the earliest extant stone is for Daniel Kinne, died 1713. According to the National Register of Historic Places nomination, the cemetery was an active burial site for the Kinne family, including those of married Kinne daughters, until the interment of Clark Robbins Cook in 1912. However, the Hale Index lists the last marked interment as that of Herbert Kinney, died August 24, 1916.</p><br>
<p>In order to improve and enlarge the cemetery, the Kinne Historical and Genealogical Society was incorporated by special act of the Connecticut General Assembly in 1884. In 1887, the land adjacent to the Glasgo Pond was purchased by the society, though the boundary of 168 ft by 170 ft does not match the towns record. The lands grantor, Nathan B. Lewis, purchased the land thirty years prior in 1857 from a Kinne family connection, Alexander Steward. According to the Town of Griswold&#39;s records, the property is designated as "map 78, block 136, lot 3". In the 1930s, the inscriptions of 79 stones in the Kinne Cemetery were recorded for the Hale Index. According to another study, 71 of the 74 interments are related by blood or marriage to the Kinne family.</p><br>
<p>In the Summer of 1999, a group of volunteers worked to restore and clean up the cemetery that led to a ceremony in October 1999 with more than 60 people in attendance. The article in The Day highlighted the difficulty in finding the cemetery which is located on the banks of the Pachaug River, in the village of Glasgo, located in the town of Griswold. Iva Arpin said that the town would repair the stone walls and that the Children of the American Revolution would return in the spring to continue their work on the cemetery.</p><br>
<p>By 2007, concerns about public use of the land for recreation and reflection had provoked concern from Kinne descendents, but there is little that descendents could do. The grounds were once under the control of the Kinne Family Historical Society, but it was disbanded "generations ago" and the town owns the cemetery by default. The cemetery had been disturbed by the gravestones being stacked to "help climbers reach their optimum height before swinging" from a rope on a tree into the pond. Pieces of the wall and a gravestone had been thrown towards the pond and came to rest on a ledge. Courtland Kinne, a descendent of Thomas Kinne, wants a jersey barrier erected to stop vehicles from parking next to the gravestones, the wrought iron fence around the burial ground and the trees within the grounds to be removed because their roots could disturb the plots.</p><br>
<h2>Importance</h2><br>
<p>The Kinne Cemetery shows the evolution of funerary art over the course of the centuries. The earliest marked stone is for Daniel Kinne who died in 1713. Daniel Kinne&#39;s stone has a simple rounded top with only his name carved into it.</p><br>
<h2>Interments</h2><br>
<p>This is an alphabetical list of interments recorded from the Hale Index survey with all data stemming from a copy of the Charles R. Hale Collection of Cemetery Inscriptions. Additional field stones are noted, but were not listed in the Hale Collection. According to the National Historic Register, names are missing from this list, including Isaac C. Glasko (1776-1861) who was "of mixed Indian and</p><br>
<p>Negro blood." The listing here is not complete because the records of many field stones were incomplete and did not contain identification, including the earliest stone for Daniel Kinne who died in 1713. Kinne&#39;s stone only had the name carved.</p><br>
<p>St. Marys-By-The-Sea is a historic Gothic Revival church at 20 South Shore Road in Northeast Harbor, Maine. One a few known designs of Maine architect Harry Vaughn and built in 1902, it is one of a number of architect-designed summer chapels built around the turn of the 20th century with funding from wealthy summer residents. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000. Its parish is also responsible for services at Saint Judes Episcopal Church, another National Register-listed chapel in Seal Harbor.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>St. Mary&#39;s is set on the south side of South Shore Road, directly opposite its junction with Kimball Road. It is a cruciform structure, built of stone and stucco, with the long axis set parallel to the road. It has classic Late Gothic features, including buttresses along the nave and at the corners of the transepts, and a crenellated central tower at the crossing point. The nave features a raised roof section with Gothic-arched clerestory windows. The church features a number of stained-glass windows, some of which may predate its construction.</p><br>
<p>The church is one of three known to be the work of Maine architect Harry Vaughn, and is the only one executed in stone. It was built in 1902 to replace an earlier chapel which the summer congregation had outgrown. It was built in part using granite quarried from a roadbed that the community had concluded needed to be lowered. Funding was raised by subscription from the congregation, which was then composed mainly of wealthy summer residents.</p><br>
<p>The Lee House, also known as Lee, Captain Daniel S. and Fannie L. , House, in Independence, Iowa was built in 1867 by David J. Roberts.</p><br>
<p>According to the nomination form prepared by the Buchanan County Historical Society:</p><br>
<p>The Lee house, built in 1867, is an excellent example of the Italianate Style of domestic architecture, popular in the United States from approximately 1840-1885. Its simple cubical form, symmetrical proportions, belvedere, and extensive use of brackets are typical of the style. Daniel S. Lee was a prominent early settler in Independence. Lee became the first volunteer from Buchanan County to fight in the Civil War and helped raise a company of men to join him. In 1917 the house became the home of the Peoples Memorial AKA Peoples Hospital. Despite its use as a hospital, the Lee house retains its integrity of design, materials and workmanship.</p><br>
<p>At the time, in 2010, the Buchanan County Historical Society was planning to renovate the building "as funding permits", furnish it with historical pieces from their collection, and to operate it as a house museum and meeting facility. In 2016, all of that was still planned, per the Society&#39;s website.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places on January 7, 2010.</p><br>
<p>The Nicholson–Rand House is a historic home located in Decatur Township, Marion County, Indiana, in Indianapolis. It was moved by the Historic Landmarks Foundation of Indiana  half a mile south to save it from being demolished in 1997 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003. The house is an example of the Gothic Revival style of American architecture typified by Alexander Jackson Davis and Andrew Jackson Downing in the mid-19th century.</p><br>
<h2>Style</h2><br>
<p>Andrew Jackson Downing advocated "truth in architecture" while celebrating the picturesque and asymmetrical, and the use of tracery and carving as ornamentation. The Nicholson–Rand House is an American version of Gothic Revival as developed by Downing, built with native materials. Downings illustrations of country houses are reflected in this houses asymmetry, picturesque windows, projecting eaves with decorated rafter tails and brackets, board-and-batten siding beneath the gables, lacy bargeboard, the many dormers, the entrance porch with its chamfered posts and scrollwork brackets, and the shape of the chimneys. Still relatively rural today, in 1876 the house was two to three hours from downtown Indianapolis by horseback or wagon over 12 mi of winding dirt roads. The nearest railroad depot was at Valley Mills, an hour&#39;s walk away.</p><br>
<p>Downings principles anticipated several elements of Craftsman houses, and even the work of Frank Lloyd Wright, as noted by architectural historian Vincent J. Scully Jr. It is likely that the builder of the house, contractor and stonemason David Nicholson, was familiar with the popular books of Downing. His book Cottage Residences first appeared in 1842 and subsequent editions appeared regularly over the next three decades. Downings The Architecture of Country Houses was published in 1850, shortly before Nicholson arrived in America. Nicholson likely gathered ideas from several other pattern books that proliferated in the 1860s and 1870s. The popular works of architect and engineer George E. Woodward, for example, whose designs to a great degree follow the lead of Davis and Downing may have influenced Nicholson. Woodwards two volume Architecture and Rural Art and his Country Homes and Woodwards National Architect were all published in the 1860s and reprinted numerous times. Elements of Nicholsons house are present in several patterns in each of Woodwards books, but the general influence still appears to derive from Downing.</p><br>
<p>Some of the materials incorporated in the Nicholson–Rand House appear to be identical to those being used in the Marion County Courthouse which Nicholson helped build. Nicholson was a prominent stonemason and partner in the business of Scott and Nicholson, which constructed the stonework of the massive new courthouse designed by Isaac Hodgson. Its cornerstone was laid in 1872. Whether Nicholson purchased extra materials or was given overruns—or whether he saw them being installed in the courthouse and decided he would like the same for the house he was building for himself—is unknown. But local lore for over fifty years after spoke of wagonloads of material carted from the courthouse building site. The colored tile of the floors in three rooms of the house is the same as was in the courthouse, and the interior woodwork is similar.</p><br>
<h2>Builder and later owners</h2><br>
<p>David Nicholson (1823–1899) was a stonemason born in Dumfriesshire, Scotland. He came to Indianapolis in 1852, and became the partner of fellow Scot, Adam Scott, who had also learned his trade in his homeland. Their stone yard, originally on Delaware Street between Washington and Maryland (which, had it remained there, would have been very convenient for their work on the courthouse), was located from at least 1860 on Kentucky Avenue near the old Greenlawn Cemetery, just southwest of downtown. Nicholson and Scott both lived in houses near their business, at least into the 1870s. Nicholson&#39;s wife Marion died in 1870, and it appears he soon married again, which may have provided the motivation to build a fine new house in the country near the villages of West Newton and Valley Mills. The house was completed in 1876 - the same year as the courthouse, which was formally dedicated in 1877 - but the marriage apparently ended in divorce.</p><br>
<p>After working for years to complete the house, Nicholson sold the property to Allison C. Remy (1837–1918) in 1879. Remy was a Marion County Commissioner who had just that year completed his three-year term. A few years earlier, in 1875, he had built the Remy Hotel on the southwest quadrant of the Circle in downtown Indianapolis. The sale may effectively have been a trade; in any case, Nicholson ultimately became the proprietor of the hotel, which became the Brunswick Hotel, and Remy the owner of the house and land in Decatur Township. Remy owned several other parcels in the near vicinity on the opposite side of Spring Valley Road (today, Mann Road), totaling about 370 acre. He was a prominent horseman and raised champion trotters. It is uncertain whether Remy lived in Nicholsons recently built dwelling, although one reference in Sulgroves 1884 History of Indianapolis suggests that he may have for a time. But apparently Remy rented it out to a succession of tenants during part of the 1880s. Ownership of the house over the next decade is unclear, although at one point William H. H. Miller, United States Attorney General under President Benjamin Harrison and his former law partner, is said to have lived in the house, although only family history supports this contention.</p><br>
<p>On March 28, 1903 John Lindsay Rand and his wife acquired the house and property, leaving Friendship, Indiana. Ironically, their property in Friendship is also listed with the National Register of Historic Places, the John Linsey Rand House. The Frank Copeland family was renting the house at the time, and continued to live there for another year, while they were having another house built for themselves. The Rands moved to the area in order to be closer to their only surviving child, daughter Florence, who was married to prominent Indianapolis attorney Wymond Joe Beckett. Beckett himself owned considerable farm acreage in the vicinity, but he and his wife lived in Indianapolis. The Rands lived in the house for the remainder of their lives, then Florence Beckett inherited the property in 1926. The combined Beckett farm encompassed about six hundred acres. The house was then rented to the manager of the farm&#39;s dairy operation, and later in the 1930s, to other tenants. The son of Wymond and Florence, Joe Rand Beckett, an attorney like his father, moved into the house about 1940 and lived there with his wife Mary Ann until his retirement in the late 1950s, at which point the Becketts donated the farm to Depauw University. They continued to live in the house for a time, alternating with a home in Florida. Beckett died in Florida in 1977, whereupon his wife returned to Indiana, living out her days in Greenwood until her death in 1996. Ultimately the university had sold the house and it ended up with an out-of-state owner who wanted the property for residential and commercial development. In 1997 HLFI stepped in to save the house, and when the owner could not be persuaded to alter his plans, the organization found an available parcel about a half mile down Mann Road and moved the house to its present site.</p><br>
<p>The Kamiesberg or Kamiesberge , is a mountain range of jumbled granite inselbergs or bornhardts dotted over sandy plains and centered on Kamieskroon in Namaqualand in South Africa. This range is very like the Matopos of Zimbabwe in appearance. It stretches for about 140 km  from Garies in the south to Springbok in the north and forms a plateau between the Sandveld of the Cape West Coast and Bushmanland in the east, with the Hardveld of the mountainous central Kamiesberg escarpment in the midst.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The region was formerly occupied by Khoikhoi who were nomadic pastoralists.</p><br>
<p>The buildings of Kamieskroon were moved from a previous location known as Bowesdorp, named after the village doctor. Steep granite hills and a shortage of water hindered development, so that it was relocated. The foundations of the original village may still be seen in a rocky ravine some 8 km north of Kamieskroon.</p><br>
<p>The Leliefontein mission station, known for the Leliefontein massacre in 1902, is located at an elevation of 1 500 m (5 000 ft) on a plateau near the top of the mountains, which attains a height of over 1 700 m (5 600 ft).</p><br>
<h2>Ecology</h2><br>
<p>The range has a mild climate made moderate by the cold Benguela Current. It is an outlier of the Cape Floristic Region. Its vegetation is largely Succulent Karoo with a large number of endemic species. Quiver trees and Camelthorn trees are common with large numbers of Euphorbia shrubs. Also occurring are Ceraria namaquensis, Euclea tomentosa, Rhus undulata, Ozoroa dispar and Tylecodon paniculatus.</p><br>
<p>The Kamiesberg is unusual among desert areas in that rainfall is relatively predictable, with frost being rare. Rain is usually accompanied by heavy dewfall and fog. Bergwinds during winter can result in temperatures of 40 °C. After a winter of adequate rainfall, springtime brings widespread and spectacular flowering of Asteraceae and Brassicaceae species that were dormant, Aizoaceae and numerous Scrophulariaceae, Poaceae, Liliaceae and Amaryllidaceae. The region is considered one of 25 global plant biodiversity hotspots and portions were declared protected in 1999 in order to preserve the abundant wildlife and colourful wild flowers. The Goegab Nature Reserve near Springbok is a good place to appreciate the floral wonders of the mountains.</p><br>
<p>Barronette Peak el. 10,354 ft is a mountain peak in the northeast section of Yellowstone National Park in the Absaroka Range. The peak is named for Collins Jack  Baronette . It was named by the Hayden Geological Survey of 1878. When named, the name was misspelled Barronette and it retains the official misspelled name today.</p><br>
<p>Jack Baronette was an early Yellowstone guide and entrepreneur. He built and operated the first bridge across the Yellowstone River near the confluence of the Lamar River in 1871 to service miners traveling to Cooke City, Montana. In 1870, as a resident of Helena, Montana he participated in the search for and rescue of Truman C. Everts, lost during the Washburn–Langford–Doane Expedition of 1870. In 1884, he was considered for the superintendency of Yellowstone.</p><br>
<p>St. Boniface Catholic Church is a Roman Catholic church in the East Street Valley neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania within the Diocese of Pittsburgh.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The parish was founded in 1884 by German-Americans. The church building located at 2208 East Street was constructed in 1925 and 1926, and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1981. The church has a three bay nave, and a pendentive dome. Guastavino tile system on the dome and interior vaulting, and the exterior is cased in limestone with some carving.</p><br>
<p>Today, the church is used by Holy Wisdom Parish, a 1994 union between St. Ambrose Parish in Spring Hill and St. Boniface. It is also home to St. John XXIII Personal Quasi-Parish, which is dedicated exclusively to the Traditional Latin Mass (Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite)..</p><br>
<p>South Side Market Building  is a historic market house at 12th and Bingham Streets in the South Side Flats neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>It was built in 1915, and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<p>The original market house on this spot was built in 1893, but burned around 1914 and was rebuilt in 1915. Architect: Charles Bickel. According to James D. Van Trump and Arthur P. Ziegler, Jr., "It is one of the last two market houses extant in Pittsburgh; the other is the East Liberty Market. The present building opened in 1893. It burned in 1914 (?) and was rebuilt probably on the old lines and opened in 1915. According to Walter C. Kidney, "When it was rebuilt in 1915 after a fire, the towers came off, the gable roof was brought down to the eaves on both fronts, and a well-scaled stone cartouche was set into the south front memorializing the new work. This cartouche is the buildings one decoration today, set off by swags and surmounted by a bulls head. The Romanesque walls otherwise survive largely as built, industrial rather than civic architecture."</p><br>
<p>Bellman&#39;s Union Church is a historic church in Mohrsville, Pennsylvania.</p><br>
<p>The two church congregations - Lutheran and United Church of Christ - date back to 1746. The log cabin they shared and used for separate services no longer stands, but an outline of the foundation is still found on premises.</p><br>
<p>The second church built on the site, the Old Belleman&#39;s church, was built in 1814 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. While it has not been updated for electricity and plumbing, the Georgian-style church features many styles and motifs not seen in many 19th century rural churches. The church embellishes many of the fine points of architecture such as an elaborate cornice, Palladian windows, arched windows, detailed doorways and a gallery. Particular focal points are the wineglass pulpit and a hand-pump organ. The building is used several times per year during warmer months, for Sunday services, weddings, and annual "Hymn Sings" and a service in the Pennsylvania German dialect.</p><br>
<p>The third church (pictured) was constructed in 1924. Beginning in 2003, the two congregations have shared a pastor and hold shared services, as well as a shared choir, committees, and youth groups, but still maintain their separate identities.</p><br>
<p>The church is home to the Boy Scouts of America Troop 154 of Dauberville, Pa.</p><br>
<p>St. Michael&#39;s Episcopal Church, Parish House and Rectory is a group of architecturally-significant religious buildings located at 200-216 North Mill Street in Birdsboro, Berks County, Pennsylvania. It was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>Prior to the 2003 removal of its stained-glass windows, pipe organ, and interior furnishings, the building was considered the most unaltered of Victorian architect Frank Furness&#39;s churches. The property was sold in 2005, and is now the New First Baptist Church of Birdsboro.</p><br>
<h2>Built in 1853</h2><br>
<p>St. Michael&#39;s congregation was founded in 1851, and the original church was built in 1853 on land donated by brothers Edward and George Brooke, proprietors of the Birdsboro Iron Foundry Company (later Birdsboro Steel Corporation). George designed the "Norman-Gothic" church building, and he and his brother donated the organ, the bell for its gable bellcote, and other interior and exterior improvements. The Parish House (probably designed by George) &mdash; housing a chapel, the Sunday School, and a reading room &mdash; was completed in 1873, and was a gift of the Brookes.</p><br>
<h2>Furness</h2><br>
<p>As architect of the Reading Railroad, Frank Furness designed the line&#39;s station in Birdsboro (1874, demolished 1967). The Brooke brothers did business with the Reading, and Edward hired Furness to make alterations to his Greek Revival mansion, "Brooke Manor" (1844, altered by Furness circa 1875, demolished 1961).</p><br>
<p>Design of St. Michaels Rectory (1877–78) is attributed to either George Brooke or Furness, and the brownstone residence became another gift of the Brookes. Later alterations &mdash; changing the roof, moving the entrance to a 3-story addition (with bathrooms above), adding a bay window where the original entrance had been &mdash; are attributed solely to Furness, and probably were done at the same time that the church was expanded. Furnesss alterations are visible in an 1890 panoramic view of Birdsboro.</p><br>
<h2>1884-85 expansion</h2><br>
<p>Following older brother Edwards death, George hired Furness to expand the church building. Furness lengthened the nave &ndash; adding east and west transepts and turning a simple box into a cruciform &mdash; and tucked a bell-tower-with-steeple off to one side. The contractor, Levi H. Focht, was a resident of Birdsboro, and had built dozens of Furness-designed stations for the Reading Railroad (including the one in Birdsboro). The churchs exterior was clad in brownstone, with a wooden porte cochere built against the west transept (turning it into a carriage entrance), a colored-slate roof, and a large gold-plated cross crowning the steeple.</p><br>
<p>Furness, son of the Unitarian minister William Henry Furness, experimented with some of the ideas from his contemporaneous First Unitarian Church of Philadelphia (1883–86). Both churches had soaring curved roof trusses, vividly colored walls, and high windows that bathed the sanctuary in natural light. For St. Michaels, Furness chose royal-blue ceilings and Etruscan-red walls accented with metallic-gold trim, a color scheme that he had used to dramatic effect at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. "Furniss" (as the church historian misspelled the architects name) also designed the church furniture &mdash; altar, pews, etc. &mdash; possibly fabricated by his frequent collaborator, Daniel Pabst. The blower for the Johnson & Son pipe organ (Op. 572, 1882) was housed in the base of the bell tower, and its pipes were stencilled with stylized flowers in colors that recalled Pennsylvania Dutch folk art.</p><br>
<p>The total cost of the improvements was in excess of $12,000, a gift of the Brooke family. The expanded church was consecrated on May 31, 1885.</p><br>
<h2>1892 expansion</h2><br>
<p>The chancel was lengthened by 10 feet and widened by 6 feet in 1892, allowing the installation of choir stalls and moving the altar wall south to the Church Street sidewalk. This work was done by New York designer R. Geissler and contractor Levi H. Focht. At the same time, the Edward Brooke Memorial Window, created by Tiffany Studios in 1887, was removed from the east transept and installed over the altar.</p><br>
<p>Over the decades, the church was embellished with additional stained-glass windows, including another by Tiffany Studios, and other adornments.</p><br>
<h2>Decline</h2><br>
<p>Following years of decline, the Birdsboro Steel Corporations plant closed in 1988, a severe economic blow to the town. By the time St. Michaels celebrated its sesquicentennial in 2001, the congregation had dwindled to the point of not being able to sustain a full-time minister. The Episcopal Diocese of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania closed the church in July 2002. It then outraged preservationists in January 2003, by removing the building&#39;s stained-glass windows, pews, altars and pipe organ. Availability to these items was supposed to be restricted only to other Episcopal congregations, but, according to George M. Meiser IX, president of the Historical Society of Berks County, some of them were offered for sale on e-Bay.</p><br>
<p>The Edward Brooke Memorial Window stood above the altar for 110 years. It is now in the collection of the Smith Museum of Stained Glass Windows in Chicago, Illinois. The pipe organ was cannibalized for parts.</p><br>
<p>The church property was sold to another congregation in 2005, and is now the New First Baptist Church of Birdsboro.</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<p>George E. Thomas of the University of Pennsylvania, an architectural historian who has spent his career studying Furness, wrote the 1982 nomination for St. Michael&#39;s inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places:</p><br>
<p>"The church represents a major complex of buildings by Furness at the height of his career, when he was moving toward direct expression of materials and construction as the constituent elements of his designs....he brilliance of the surviving color scheme of the church interior, which is the only complete, original color scheme from his career... is important both because it carries Ruskinian color into the 1880s, and for recalling his fathers admonition to the American Institute of Architects, in 1872, when he argued that the church architect should make a building that would keep a parishioner awake, if the sermon was dull. That he nobly accomplished....Despite the fact that Furness added to and redesigned the existing church buildings, in its current appearance St. Michaels can be regarded as his work."</p><br>
<p>Hoben Park, also known as Arcade Park, Nile Park and Ladies Park, is a city park on the waterfront of Seward, Alaska. It is bounded by the Alaska Sealife Center, the Seward Depot, Railroad Avenue, and Resurrection Bay. The parks north and west sides have a decorative concrete wall, part of which is original to the parks 1923 construction date. The park has been generally restored to its 1920s appearance, although the north side has been shortened due to road widening. Construction of park formed a major part of the city&#39;s self-promotion as the "Gateway to Alaska", and was timed to be finished in time for the visit to the city by President Warren G. Harding on July 13, 1923, when completion of the Alaska Railroad was celebrated. The park is named for Hedley V. "Harry" Hoben, a prominent local citizen who was mayor in 1918-19. Hoben promoted the park and paid for its maintenance until his death in 1948.</p><br>
<p>The park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.</p><br>
<p>The Höllentalspitzen are three peaks in the Wetterstein Mountains near Garmisch-Partenkirchen in southern Germany. They rise from the ridge of Blassenkamm which runs eastwards from Germany&#39;s highest peak, the Zugspitze, and separate the Hölle Valley to the north from the Reintal Valley to the south. The summit nearest to the Zugspitze is the Inner Höllentalspitze , 2,741 m high; this is followed by the main summit Middle Höllentalspitze , 2,743 m high; and the Outer Höllentalspitze  at 2,720 m.</p><br>
<h2>Ascent</h2><br>
<p>The summits can only be climbed by experienced mountaineers. As a rule they are tackled by negotiating the ridge of the Jubiläumsgrat ("Jubilee Arête"). The Jubigrat, as it is known in mountaineering circles is the climbing route from the Zugspitze over the Höllentalspitzen and the Vollkarspitze to the Grießkarscharte and on to the Alpspitze, and requires firm mastery of the third grade of difficulty on the UIAA scale. This long crossing can only be interrupted by the equally difficult Brunntalgrat ridge, which branches off to the south near the summit of the Inner Höllentalspitze, and descends to the Knorr Hut in the Reintal Valley. Between the Middle and Outer Höllentalspitze is the mountain hut known as the Höllentalgrat Hut, a small, unmanaged bothy for emergencies.</p><br>
<p>The Wetterspitzen are three of the rocky peaks on a mountain ridge in the Wetterstein mountains in the central part of the Eastern Alps in Germany. They lie two kilometres, as the crow flies, southwest of Germany&#39;s highest peak, the Zugspitze, on the border between the Austrian province of Tyrol and the German state of Bavaria. The Wetterspitzen form the southwest perimeter of the Zugspitze ledge ; below and to the east is the ski region on the Schneeferner with its research station, the Schneefernerhaus.</p><br>
<p>The three peaks are the:</p><br>
<p>Northern Wetterspitze (Nördliche Wetterspitze) - 2,746 m high</p><br>
<p>Southern or Middle Wetterspitze (Südliche (Mittlere) Wetterspitze) - 2,750 m high</p><br>
<p>Eastern Wetterspitze (Östliche Wetterspitze) - 2,668 m high.</p><br>
<h2>Base</h2><br>
<p>A possible base for climbing the Wetterspitzen is the SonnAlpin restaurant (2,600 m) on the Zugspitze Ledge, the terminal station of the Bavarian Zugspitze Rack Railway.</p><br>
<h2>Easiest routes</h2><br>
<p>From the Zugspitze ledge (Zugspitzplatt):</p><br>
<p>an easy climb, according to the literature, (UIAA grade II) in half an hour to the Northern Wetterspitze.</p><br>
<p>in two hours (UIAA II) to the Middle Wetterspitze,</p><br>
<p>in half an hour with any difficult sections (UIAA I) to the Eastern Wetterspitze</p><br>
<p>In addition there are various climbing routes up to UIAA grade V, starting from west of Ehrwald.</p><br>
<h2>Sources and maps</h2><br>
<p>Stefan Beulke: AVF Wetterstein, Rother Verlag München (1996),</p><br>
<p>Alpenvereinskarte 1:25.000, Blatt 4/2, Wetterstein- und Mieminger Gebirge</p><br>
<p></revision></p><br>
<p>The Brewery Shades is a public house on the High Street in Crawley, a town and borough in West Sussex, England. The building, which stands on a corner site at the point where the town&#39;s ancient High Street meets the commercial developments of the postwar New Town, has been altered and extended several times; but at its centre is a 15th-century timber-framed open hall-house of a type common in the Crawley area in the Middle Ages. Few now survive, and the Brewery Shades has been protected as a Grade II listed building.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Crawley was granted a charter for a weekly market in 1202. Thereafter, what had been a village, on the London–Brighton road halfway between the two places, slowly grew into a market town and a centre for agriculture and ironworking. As the area became more prosperous, several timber-framed open hall-houses were built on both sides of the High Street (the name given to the part of the London–Brighton Road running through the town centre). One such building was the Shades (perhaps its original name), which was built in the 15th century. Estimates of the date range from "1450 or a little earlier" to 1500.</p><br>
<p>After chimneys were invented, the open hall-house design fell out of favour, and many such buildings had chimneys and fireplaces inserted. This happened at the Brewery Shades in the 17th century. At the same time, another storey was added internally and the façade was given two gable ends. Further changes were made over the next two centuries, such that the external appearance of the building was completely changed. The ground floor was affected most by the alterations.</p><br>
<p>Crawley was designated a New Town in the 1940s, and a new shopping area was built east of the High Street. One of the first projects was the creation of a pedestrian precinct, Broadwalk, between the main square (Queens Square) and the High Street immediately south of the Brewery Shades. This opened in 1954, and the inn now occupied a prominent corner position. Buildings demolished to make way for this pedestrian link included Crawleys former post office and a blacksmith&#39;s forge.</p><br>
<p>The inn had subterranean passages leading to the George Hotel opposite, and cells where prisoners would be kept before being hanged at the gallows which stood outside the George for several centuries. The cells and passageways were not built at the same time as the inn, but were added soon afterwards. Reputed hauntings are a common feature of Sussex inns, and a wide variety of alleged paranormal activities at the Brewery Shades have been documented: a woman and child (a boy) associated in particular with one room in which a bed was once found alight for no reason; a doorbell ringing by itself during the night; and a man haunting the ladies toilet. Historically, the word "shade" meant "ghost"—a possible explanation for the inns name.</p><br>
<p>The Brewery Shades was designated a Grade II Listed building on 21 June 1948.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Although the medieval origins are now obscured behind a modern façade, substantial parts of the timber-framed original open hall-house layout remain inside. The oldest part of the building is the north–south range, parallel to the High Street. This has a gigantic tie-beam holding up a king post ceiling. The king post&#39;s structure includes purlins, chamfers and decorative mouldings. This façade has three modern gable ends and a tiled upper storey. Around the corner, facing Broadwalk, there is a twin-gabled modern façade, again with a tile-hung first floor and a stucco-faced ground floor. This part is a modern extension. At the northern end, there is another original wing running west to east: it has substantial timberwork with chamfering, visible from one of the bars.</p><br>
<p>The Schneefernerkopf is a 2,875 m peak in the Zugspitze massif in the Alps. It lies at the western end of the Wetterstein chain in the Alps on the border between the German state of Bavaria and the Austrian state of Tyrol. It is the dominant mountain in the Wetterstein, especially when viewed from Ehrwald.</p><br>
<h2>Distinction from the Zugspitze</h2><br>
<p>Although the Schneefernerkopf may be viewed as the second highest mountain in Germany after the Zugspitze, this depends heavily on the definition of the term mountain. Due to its proximity to the Zugspitze (it has a topographic isolation of 1.7 km) it is questionable whether it can be counted as an independent mountain, or merely as a sub-peak of the Zugspitze. Either way, its prominence is 176 m. If it is not reckoned as an independent peak, then the claim to the second highest mountain in Germany goes to the Hochwanner, which is clearly separated from the Zugspitze massif by the Rein Valley, Gatterl and Feldernjöchl. The third highest mountain, with a height of, is the Watzmann in the Berchtesgaden Alps.</p><br>
<h2>Base and easiest climb</h2><br>
<p>The easiest way to climb the Schneefernerkopf is from the Zugspitze ledge or Zugspitzplatt. The path runs over the rest of the Schneeferner or past it to the Schneefernerscharte. Here there is the &#39;wind hole (Windloch), a result of weathering, with its view looking down onto Ehrwald. To get to the peak the path crosses the northern shoulder on steps and along a steep path with the aid of steel cables, which follows the Schneefernerkopf Lift, closed in 2003 but not removed. The entire journey takes just under an hour. Sure-footedness and a head for heights are essential.</p><br>
<p>From the Schneefernerkopf there is an exceptionally challenging downhill ski run, the Neue Welt, descending for almost 2,000 metres, to Ehrwald. It is very exposed, with slopes up to 45° and has an abseil section, that is rated as UIAA grade III.</p><br>
<h2>Sources and maps</h2><br>
<p>Stefan Beulke: Alpenvereinsführer Wetterstein, München 1996,</p><br>
<p>Alpenvereinskarte 1:25.000, Blatt 4/2, Wetterstein- und Mieminger Gebirge</p><br>
<p>See also: List of the highest mountains in Germany</p><br>
<p></revision></p><br>
<p>At 2,744 m, the Hochwanner  is the second highest mountain in Germany after the Zugspitze . In addition the Hochwanner is the highest peak on the main ridge of the Wetterstein  running from Gatterl to the Upper Wettersteinspitze  above Mittenwald in an east-west direction. From the Hochwanner massif there is an all-round view of the Rein valley , the Leutasch valley in Austria, the Gais valley, the Zugspitze, the Mieming Chain, the Jubiläumsgrat, the Karwendel mountains and far into the central Alps.</p><br>
<p>Despite being the second highest peak in Germany and having a north face which drops about 1500 m (one of the highest rock faces in the whole of the Northern Limestone Alps) the Hochwanner has remained a relatively unknown mountain. This is due to its relatively inaccessible location, behind the Alpspitze and hidden by the Höllentalspitze. The more widely known, but lower Watzmann is often wrongly cited as the second highest mountain in Germany.</p><br>
<p>The easiest route to the summit is from the south from the Rotmoosalm (3 hours) or from Gatterl. Pathless in places or only recognisable by a faint trail it initially runs up steep grass meadows, later over a short rock climb (grade I on the UIAA scale) and then mainly over steep, laborious scree slopes to the summit. The route is sparingly marked with cairns.</p><br>
<p>The north face is a very long climb.</p><br>
<p>Hochwanner was first climbed by Hermann von Barth in 1870.</p><br>
<p>See also: List of the highest mountains in Germany and Great north faces of the Alps</p><br>
<h2>Image gallery</h2><br>
<p>The Manistique Pumping Station is an industrial waterworks building located on Deer Street in Manistique, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1981.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In the early part of the 20th century, the city of Manistique expanded and renovated their water system. However, by 1920, the system was deemed inadequate for firefighting. It was recommended that the city borrow $97,000 to build a new 200,000 gallon water tower and pumping station, as well as building a nearby dam and improving the distribution system. A bond was approved by voters, and construction of the tower began in June 1921. The system was finally complete in September 1922.</p><br>
<p>The system constructed was in use until 1954, when a new pumping station was put into operation.</p><br>
<p>The tower is notable for the architectural approach to the design of the fundamentally utilitarian structure.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Manistique Pumping Station is 38 feet wide on the outside, 33 feet wide inside, and 137 feet high. 30 feet in diameter and 44 feet high. The exterior of the tower is octagonal, and the interior has 16 sides, strengthening the eight exterior corners that supported the weight of the water tank. The building is primarily faced with red brick with limestone trim, and sits on a concrete foundation. Casement windows near the top of the tower sit beneath a decorative frieze. The domed roof is made of copper.</p><br>
<p>The Clarence H. Cooke House, later known as the Marks Estate, at 3860 Old Pali Road, Honolulu, Hawaii, was built for Clarence Hyde Cooke, the second son of Charles Montague Cooke and Anna Rice Cooke, heirs of the Castle & Cooke fortune. It was designed by the architect Hardie Phillip, built in 1929-32, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986 as a fine example of the upper-class, Hawaiian-style, great mansion of the late 1920s and early 1930s.</p><br>
<p>Phillip first worked in Honolulu as a member of the firm of Bertram Goodhue and Associates of New York City, who also designed the Honolulu Museum of Art on the site of the former home of Anna Rice Cooke, the C. Brewer Building downtown, and Lihiwai, the residence of Territorial Governor George R. Carter in Nuuanu Valley. For Clarence Cooke, Phillip designed a sprawling 24-room mansion fit for the lavish entertainment it became known for. Features of the evolving Hawaiian Regional style of the era include numerous lanai and open spaces, double-pitched hipped roof ("Dickey" roof), and lushly landscaped grounds. The two-story, whitewashed building is constructed of brick on the ground floor and board and batten on the upper floor. A porte cochere topped by an open lanai leads to a formal entry hall with staircase, which provides access to both floors of two wings running in opposite directions. There are also three guest cottages, a gatehouse, and a four-car garage with servants&#39; quarters above, and a swimming pool with dressing rooms at the rear of the property. The pool area was earlier designed in Neoclassical style by Hart Wood.</p><br>
<p>Cooke left the estate to the Academy of Arts, which sold it in 1946 to Elizabeth Marks, the wealthy daughter of Lincoln L. McCandless. Her husband Lester Marks was a land commissioner for the Territory who resigned in 1949 when Governor Ingram M. Stainback decided to build a new Pali Highway up Nuuanu Valley, right through the middle of their estate. They sued to block the use of their land for the highway, but in 1956 the Territory finally bought the estate for $624,000. However, the Markses were allowed to live in their old home until 1976, when Mrs. Marks was evicted. By that time, she was a widow, but still wealthy enough to buy a new house at Black Point in Kahala.</p><br>
<p>State government departments then took it over, using it for office space, conferences, and special events. After trying to sell it for years, in 2002 the State finally auctioned off the property, which had been appraised at $4.5 million. The winning bid of $2.5 million came from Unity House Incorporated, a labor union nonprofit organization, which planned to use it for office space and a retiree activity center. During that time, much of the house was renovated and in 2010 was put up for sale at $9.9 million, then reduced to $8.5 million without finding a buyer. After Himmelfarb experienced financial difficulties, JPMorgan Chase Bank took possession of the property in 2014 for $6.5 million through a foreclosure. As of January 2015, the estate is on the market for $5.6 million.</p><br>
<p>Dreitorspitze is a large and very prominent, multi-peak mountain massif in the eastern part of the Wetterstein Mountains in southern Germany. It is divided into Partenkirchen Dreitorspitze  at 2,633 m and Leutasch Dreitorspitze  at 2,682 m; each of which has several peaks. The main peak of the fourth highest mountain massif in Germany is the Leutasch Dreitorspitze, which is also known as the Karlspitze. The Dreitorspitze marks the spot where the main chain of the Wetterstein mountains changes direction from its primary east-west orientation to run northwards for a short distance, before turning back again onto its main axis. East of the Dreitorspitze lies the karst plateau of the Leutasch Platt, comparable to the Zugspitzplatt at the foot of the Zugspitze.</p><br>
<p>The easiest route to the main peaks may be climbed at grades 1 and 2. An easy Klettersteig runs up to the western summit of the Partenkirchen Dreitorspitze, secured with cables, which is named after the famous explorer of the Northern Limestone Alps, Hermann von Barth. All the other peaks are reserved for climbers. Climbing the peaks is usually part of a two-day tour with an overnight stop at the Meilerhütte hut. A one-day tour requires climbers to be in very good condition.</p><br>
<p>Valley settlements: Partenkirchen (Germany), Leutasch (Austria), Mittenwald (Germany)</p><br>
<p>Bases: Meilerhütte (Garmisch-Partenkirchen Section of the German Alpine Club)</p><br>
<p>Maladeta  is a mountain in the Pyrenees, close to the highest peak in the range, Aneto. It is located in the Natural Park of Posets-Maladeta in the town of Benasque in Province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. Its northern slope contains the 37 hectare Maladeta Glacier, which is divided into the 6 hectare Western Maladeta and the 31 hectare Eastern Maladeta.</p><br>
<p>Maladeta was previously considered to be highest peak in the area, and attempts to reach its summit took priority over the other peaks in the range. The first successful ascent of the peak was made by Johann Jacob Friedrich Wilhelm Parrot with guide Pierre Barrau in 1817.</p><br>
<h2>Etymology</h2><br>
<p>The name "Maladeta" comes from the Spanish montes malditos, which means "Damned Mountains". According to some authorities the local name for the massif was Mala hita ("bad rocks" or "bad upper regions"). When French travellers came to the region they translated the name into the French as "Maladette", on the basis that it was cognate with the Italian term Maladetta (feminine for "damned"). Subsequently the mountain became known as Maladeta, a term that encompasses the entire massif.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>While not the highest peak in the local group of mountains, Maladeta was named for the entire group, which is also called Montes Malditos. It attracted the most interest from climbers, especially in the early nineteenth century, as its summit appears in the foreground from the natural entrance to the valley via the port of Benasque or when arriving from France. From this vantage point, the Cresta Portillones hides the true height of its eastern neighbour Aneto, which is taller and has more extensive glaciers. The first attempts to reach the peak were by Ramond in 1787, Ferrieres in 1801, and Louis Cordier in 1802. It wasn&#39;t until German naturalist Johann Jacob Friedrich Wilhelm Parrot, with guide Pierre Barrau, climbed to the summit of the mountain on 28 September 1817 that Aneto was discovered to be higher.</p><br>
<p>Pierre Barrau, considered to be the leading expert in the area, was killed in a crevice of the Maladeta glacier in 1824. As a result, locals became fearful of venturing out on the ice, considering it cursed. The movement of the glacier in 1931 exposed the body.</p><br>
<p>In the early twentieth century, the Refugio de la Renclusa mountain hut was opened. It has a capacity of 93 and is the most common starting point for climbing the Aneto. It is located 2,140 m above sea level and is accessed via a path that leaves from the La Besurta recreational area.</p><br>
<p>Due to the variety of wildlife in the valleys and the sensitivity of its glaciers (the most southerly in Europe), Maladeta was declared a natural park in 1994, together with the entire range, and part of the Pyrenean Glaciers Natural Monument.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Maladeta rises to 3,308 m above sea level in the heart of the Pyrenees along the border between France and Spain. The summit is located northeast of the Province of Huesca and occupies the centre of the Montes Malditos. It is connected to Aneto to the east by a 3,000 m row of peaks called the Cresta del Medio (Pico Maldito, Pico del Medio, Pico de Coronas), which, along with the crest of the Portillones, give the appearance of being solid.</p><br>
<p>The snow from its slopes feeds the headwaters of the Ésera and Ballibierna rivers, both on the south side.</p><br>
<p>The Maladeta range is surrounded by valleys. A hill of over 2,500 m, crowned by the Perdiguero, separates the valley of Arán from France. The wider and more compact Spanish side, which is less accessible, is separated from the foothills by the gorges and ravines of the Posets and Maladeta mountain ranges. The Cerler alpine ski resort lies two valleys further south.</p><br>
<h2>Climbing Routes</h2><br>
<p>The normal route of ascent is common to both Maladeta and Aneta up to the height of the upper Portillón. There one continues in a straight line to the bottom of the crest of the Maladeta, which is accessible via a steep passage to a very distinctive and visible rock. The route into the corridor can be very hazardous because a deep bergschrund that usually opens in the glacier following the winter. Ascents of the mountain are only recommended for experienced climbers.</p><br>
<p>The mountain hut La Renclusa, located in the foothills at 2,500 m, is the usual starting point for ascents of Maladeta and Aneto.</p><br>
<p>Meru Peak is a mountain that lies in the Garhwal Himalayas, in the Uttarakhand region of India. It lies between Thalay Sagar and Shivling, and has some highly challenging routes. The name "Meru" likely originated from Sanskrit word for spine, attributing to the shape of the mountain. It is 6,660 m high. It was the site of the worlds highest BASE Jump from Earth, by Glenn Singleman and Heather Swan from a height of 6,604 m in June 2006 but has since been surpassed by Valery Rozovs 2013 jump from Everest&#39;s North Face.</p><br>
<p>The mountain has three peaks: southern (6,660 m), central (6,310 m), and northern (6,450 m). The two higher peaks were climbed earlier than the harder central peak, which was first climbed in a 2001 solo ascent by Valery Babanov, and for a second and third time in 2006.</p><br>
<p>The Shark&#39;s Fin route up the central peak of the mountain has a reputation among mountaineers as one of the hardest routes in the world. It was first climbed in October 2011 by a team consisting of Conrad Anker, Jimmy Chin, and Renan Ozturk, which was recognized also by Guinness World Records as the first ascent of this peak.</p><br>
<p>The Hochblassen is a mountain 2,706 m high, located in the Wetterstein in the German state of Bavaria. In addition to the main summit, it has a sub-peak, the so-called Signalgipfel  which is 2,698 m high. It was first climbed in 1871 by Hermann von Barth and Peter Klaisl.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The mountain is made of Wetterstein limestone and lies about 4.5 kilometres east of Germany&#39;s highest peak, the Zugspitze. It is part of the east-west ridge of the Höllentalgrat. One kilometre northeast, separated by the Grießkarscharte, lies the Alpspitze. To the north, to Grießkar, the mountain has a very steep and rugged face, about 500 metres high. To the south, above the Rein valley, the rock faces have a height of over 900 metres.</p><br>
<h2>Bases and climbing</h2><br>
<p>The Hochblassen can be climbed from the Höllentalanger Hut (Höllentalangerhütte, ) to the northwest via the Grießkarscharte (with safety cables) and the Nordgrat in, according to the literature, an easy climb (no through path), in places difficulty up to UIAA grade II. The duration of this tour is just under nine hours. On the north and southern sides of the mountain there are serious and demanding climbing routes of UIAA grade V difficulty and upwards. In addition, it can be ascended over the Hochblassen Ostgrat (or Blassengrat). This ridge is about 3 km long and it takes about 6 hours. There are sections classed as UIAA grade III, but most of it is grade II or walkable.</p><br>
<h2>Sources and maps</h2><br>
<p>Stefan Beulke: AVF Wetterstein, Rother Verlag München (1996),</p><br>
<p>Alpenvereinskarte 1:25.000, Blatt 4/2, Wetterstein- und Mieminger Gebirge</p><br>
<p></revision></p><br>
<p>The Willard Homestead is a historic house at 372 Willard Avenue the Newington Junction area of the town of Newington, Connecticut. It is a 2-1/2 story wood frame structure, five bays wide, with a large central chimney and a dry-laid brownstone foundation. A two-story ell extends to the rear of the house. The interior of the house retains a great deal of original features, including woodwork and plaster, and some of the original hardware. Construction of the house is estimated to have been in 1730, based on architectural evidence. In addition to being a well-preserved 18th-century house, it is locally significant for its association with the Willard family, who were early settlers of the Newington area.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>The Wetterwandeck is a summit, high, in the Wetterstein mountains on the Austro-German border. It is located south of Germany&#39;s highest peak, the Zugspitze, above the Southern Schneeferner in the ridge which borders the Zugspitzplatt to the south.</p><br>
<p>The first verifiable ascent of the Wetterwandeck was in 1874 by Hermann von Barth.</p><br>
<p>A drag lift in the ski region on the Zugspitzplatt below the Wetterwandeck was named after the mountain. There is also a piste at the southern foot of the mountain known as the Ehrwalder Almbahnen.</p><br>
<h2>Climbing routes</h2><br>
<p>Wetterkante (800 metres in height, difficulty: UIAA V)</p><br>
<h2>Sources</h2><br>
<p>Kompass Wander-, Bike und Skitourenkarte: Blatt 25 Zugspitze, Mieminger Kette (1:50.000). Kompass-Karten, Innsbruck 2008,</p><br>
<p>St. Patrick Church is located in Imogene, Iowa, United States. It is a Catholic parish church in the Diocese of Des Moines. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Irish immigrants began to settle this part of southwestern Iowa in 1869. The town of Imogene was incorporated ten years later. New Melleray Abbey near Dubuque, Iowa settled young Irish men in nearby Mills County to tend their herds of Black Angus cattle. After the cattle market went under the men stayed in the area to extend the railroad into this part of Iowa. The Rev. Gerald Stack arrived in 1876 to serve the Catholics in the area. He celebrated Mass in a schoolhouse southwest of Imogene. The first Mass in town was celebrated in the home of John Delehant. Father Stack organized St. Patricks in 1880 as a mission of St. Marys parish in Shenandoah, Iowa. At the time all of the state of Iowa was in the Diocese of Dubuque. A frame church was built in Imogene for $1,800 in 1881. That year all of southern Iowa, including Imogene, was placed in the newly established Diocese of Davenport. The property for Mount Calvary Cemetery was purchased south of town in 1883. Father Ryan died the following February and was one of the first people buried in the cemetery.</p><br>
<p>St. Patricks became a parish in its own right in 1888 and the Rev. Edmund Hayes, a native of County Cork, was assigned as its first resident pastor the same year. Hayes was to have a profound effect on the parish and the town itself. He was referred to as the "best known Catholic priest in Iowa" and the "probably the best known minister in all southwestern Iowa of any denomination." Hayes was independently wealthy having inherited his wealth from his brother who had owned silver mines in Nevada and oil and gold in California. He invested a sizable portion of his wealth in Iowa farmland. A rectory was built soon after Hayes arrived and the original church was enlarged. It was replaced by a brick church in 1892 and a new rectory in 1904. A school, St. Patricks Academy, was built in 1906. Hayes partially funded all of these projects himself.</p><br>
<p>The church was destroyed in a fire on February 12, 1915. The only items salvaged was the bell and the Pietà. Omaha architect Harry Lawrie designed the present church, which was built by Ed and Jack Sprague, also of Omaha. Work was begun in August 1915 and completed on March 20, 1919. During construction Mass and other services were held in the Hibernian Hall until they could be held in the basement of the new church. The first Mass was held in the church basement on October 29, 1916. The church was wired for electricity when it was constructed even though it was not available yet in Imogene. The Carrara marble high altar and side altars, as well as the baptismal font, were donated by Father Hayes as a memorial to his family. They were all valued at $60,000-$90,000. Hayes had gone to Pietrasanta, Italy to place the order himself. The altars that were erected in the church, however, were Hayes second choice. The first was on a ship sunk by the Germans during World War I. It took two years for Italian sculptor Enrico Tonnegetti and his crew to assemble the altars. After the churchs debt was paid off it was dedicated on March 17, 1924.</p><br>
<p>In addition to his many contributions to St. Patricks, Father Hayes influence was felt in Imogene as well. He helped to bring electricity to the town, pledged money toward the street lights, and help found the towns water works and library. He died in St. Josephs Hospital in Omaha in 1928 and was buried in Mount Calvary Cemetery.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>St. Patrick&#39;s Church measures 130 by and its exterior is composed of Black Hylex St. Louis pressed brick. The exterior has features from both the Gothic Revival and the Romanesque Revival styles. The Gothic features are found in the pointed arched windows and door frames, the quoined stone surround of the large front window, the wall buttresses that flank the main entrance, and the stone trim on the gable. The hinges on the front doors are also executed in the Gothic style. The Romanesque features include the stone trim combined with its brick finish, the stone bands that form the water table, the wall buttresses with their decorative stone caps, the domed corner buttress, the corner tower capped with a battlement, and the projecting front pavilion with its multiple gables. There are similar bands from the water table at the cornice line that surrounds the tower. Other features of the exterior include a raised foundation, corbelling under the eaves, a rounded apse on the rear of the church and confessionals that project from the side elevations.</p><br>
<p>The interior features a single nave that is capped with an oak ceiling that rises 65 ft above the floor. The ceiling is supported by six hammer beam trusses. The base of each truss is decorated with a quatrefoil circular infill. The Carrara marble high altar features a statue of St. Patrick in its central tower. The side altar on the left features a statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the side altar on the left a statue of St. Joseph. The altars and the reredoses behind them have a polished finish that contrasts with the rather dull finish of the statues. Across the front of the altar platform is an altar rail that is also executed in marble. The bronze gates in the center are a later addition. Stained glass windows line the nave walls. Love of God, country and family is visibly displayed in the stained glass windows that adorn the church. The craftsmanship of the church windows was the creation of Italian glass masters which had been commissioned on behalf of families residing in Imogene. The Stations of the Cross are composed of mosaic and marble and are imported from Venice. The Pietà statue from the old church that was donated by Father Hayes in 1910 remains in the church.</p><br>
<h2>St. Patrick Academy</h2><br>
<p>St. Patrick Academy was located on the north side of the church. When it opened on September 9, 1907 it had 100 students. Because of the large number of students, Father Hayes bought the former German Lutheran Church located across the street from St. Patricks Church to house the first and second grades. The Sisters of Mercy taught in Imogene from 1907 to 1918. They were eventually replaced by Dominican Sisters who taught in the school from 1920 to 1969. The present convent was built across the street from the church in 1922 where the old Lutheran church had stood. That church had been torn down in 1919. St. Patrick Academy closed in 1969, and the Dominicans remained at St. Patricks to organize and teach the parishs religious education program. The sisters left the parish in 1972 and the Academy building was torn down the same year. Religious education classes were relocated into the former convent. It is now called the Faith Center.</p><br>
<p>At 2,606.9 m, the Hochkalter in the Berchtesgaden Alps is the highest peak in the massif of the same name and therefore one of the highest mountains in Germany. The Hochkalter Massif  is also called the Hochkalter mountains .</p><br>
<p>The Hochkalter massif lies west of the Watzmann massif and, like it, is located within the Berchtesgaden National Park. The Hochkalter mountains are divided into sub-groups known as the Hochkalter Group (Hochkalter-Gruppe), Hocheis Group (Hocheis-Gruppe) and Southern Wimbach Chain (Südliche Wimbachkette). The most important base for climbing this alpenstock is the German Alpine Club&#39;s Blaueis Hut (Blaueishütte, literally "Blue Ice Hut") which lies at a height of 1,653 m in the Blaueis Cirque (Blaueiskar) below the Blaueis, the most northern glacier in the Alps. Other mountain huts are the Bergheim Hirschbichl for the Hocheis Group, the Wimbachgries Hut (Wimbachgrieshütte) for climbs up the eastern flanks of the massif and the Ingolstädter Haus for the Southern Wimbach Chain.</p><br>
<h2>Geology of the Hochkalter mountains</h2><br>
<p>The Hochkalter mountains, like the entire Northern Limestone Alps, consist of a mixture of dolomite and limestone. In the Hochkalter and Hocheis Groups, the harder Dachstein limestone predominates, rock that was formed by sedimentation in the Tethys Ocean during the Late Triassic stage (220 million years ago). When the Alps were formed the sloping strata of Dachstein limestome were tipped at an angle of 30° to 40° by tectonic movements of the African and European continental plates. The result can be clearly seen on the Hochkalter massif especially in the Ofen valley (Ofental). Much of the Southern Wimbach Chain comprises brittle Ramsau dolomite, which has contributed significantly to the accumulation of rocks in the Wimbach valley.</p><br>
<h2>Rockfalls</h2><br>
<p>Large rockfalls occurred time and again on the Hochkalter massif. In prehistoric times – around 3,500 years ago – more than 15 million m³ of rock slid from the upper Blaueis Combe into the valley. These rockslides impounded the lake of Hintersee. Even today the large glacial erratics in the Zauber Forest bear witness to this monumental event. But even in recent times there have frequently been large rock-falls:</p><br>
<p>On 24 August 1908 the summit of the Hochkalter came crashing down and changed the appearance and height of the peak markedly. The volume of rock broken off is estimated at 240,000 m³. The rock fall was felt in the Ramsau valley as an earthquake.</p><br>
<p>On 25 July 1954 the second Blaueis pinnacle on the northern arete of the Blaueisspitze collapsed.</p><br>
<p>Nine years later to the day, on 25 July 1963, the collapse of a column on the Schärtenspitze resulted in the route up the north face becoming much more difficult.</p><br>
<p>In February 1959 several hundred thousand cubic metres of rock slid from the area of the Palfelhörner onto the snow below in the upper reaches of the Wimbach valley.</p><br>
<p>The brittleness of the rock in the Wimbach valley is very obvious. The floor of the valley is covered by streams of debris of great depth. This magnificent landscape may be experienced by anyone who walks from Ramsau (Wimbach Bridge car park) along the valley, initially through the Wimbach Gorge and then onto the open valley floor (about one hour to the Wimbachschloss Inn, a further hour to the Wimbachgries Hut, 1,327 m).</p><br>
<h2>Overview of the Hochkalter summits</h2><br>
<p>Hochkalter Group</p><br>
<p>Hochkalter, 2,607 m</p><br>
<p>Ofentalhörnl, 2,513 m</p><br>
<p>Kleinkalter, 2,513 m</p><br>
<p>Blaueisspitze, 2,480 m</p><br>
<p>Steintalhörnl, 2,468 m</p><br>
<p>Rotpalfen (Wasserwandkopf), 2,367 m</p><br>
<p>Schärtenspitze, 2,153 m</p><br>
<p>Steinberg, 2,065 m</p><br>
<p>Am Hund, 1,803 m</p><br>
<p>Stanglahnerkopf, 1,791 m</p><br>
<p>Schottmalhorn, 1,662 m</p><br>
<p>Hocheis Group</p><br>
<p>Hocheisspitze, 2,523 m</p><br>
<p>Hinterberghorn, 2,493 m</p><br>
<p>Kammerlinghorn, 2,483 m</p><br>
<p>Hinterbergkopf, 2,247 m</p><br>
<p>Hocheishörnl, 2,252 m</p><br>
<p>Karlkogel, 2,195 m</p><br>
<p>Eislhörnl, 2,095 m</p><br>
<p>Vorderberghörnl, 2,083 m</p><br>
<p>Kleineishörnl, 1,934 m</p><br>
<p>Southern Wimbachkette</p><br>
<p>Seehorn, 2,321 m</p><br>
<p>Großes Palfelhorn, 2,222 m</p><br>
<p>Kleines Palfelhorn, 2,073 m</p><br>
<p>Alpelhorn, 2,254 m</p><br>
<p>Kühleitenschneid,</p><br>
<p>Prunnerkopf, 2,076 m</p><br>
<p>Sigeretkopf, 2,066 m</p><br>
<p>The Renneckenberg  is a mountain, roughly 933 m high, in the High Harz part of the Harz mountain range of central Germany within the borough of Wernigerode in the state of Saxony-Anhalt.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The Renneckenberg lies in the Harz/Saxony-Anhalt Nature Park and the Harz National Park just under 3 kilometres north of the village of Schierke in the borough of Wernigerode. Its summit rises about 300 metres east of the Kreisstraße (county road), the K 1356 or Brockenstraße, that runs from Schierke up to the highest mountain in the Harz, the Brocken (1141.1 m). The Renneckenberg runs as a ridge from the Zeterklippen crags (max. ca. 830 m) in the northwest to the Kapellenklippe (ca. 910 m) in the southeast.</p><br>
<p>Towards the north-northwest the mountainsides of the Renneckenberg descend into the valley of the River Ilse; towards the northeast they lead towards the Hoher Wand (758 m) and the Ohrenklippen crags; and towards the east they drop into the valley Holtemme which rises on the mountain in the area where it transitions to the Hohnekamm (900.6 m, with its Hohneklippen) to the south-southeast. Towards the south the terrain descends into the valley of the Cold Bode and the village of Schierke. To the west-southwest there is a saddle (900.6 m) on the K 1356 which links to the Heinrichshöhe (ca. 1045 m). To the west the countryside runs across to the Brocken via the Brockenbett through which the upper reaches of the Ilse flow.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>On the forested Renneckenberg there are many rock formations - apart from the aforementioned Zeterklippen and Kapellenkind - that, apart from the Brockenkinder ("Brocken children", ca. 905 m), are unnamed. West of the summit in the direction of the K 1356 and about 912 metres high is the ski hut of the Wernigerode Ski Club.</p><br>
<p>At the southern end of the Renneckenberg where it transitions to the Brockenbett, the valley between the Heinrichshöhe and the Brocken to the west and the Renneckenberg to the east, on the K 1356, is the Gelber Brink (900.6 m) which is no. 22 in the system of checkpoints in the Harzer Wandernadel hiking scheme.</p><br>
<h2>Height</h2><br>
<p>Whilst the height of the Renneckenberg is usually given as 933 metres above sea level (southern top), the last contour line below the summit on the maps is 930 m. The northern top of the mountain is 929.7 metres above sea level.</p><br>
<p>The Byron White United States Courthouse is a courthouse in Denver, Colorado, currently the seat of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit. It formerly housed courthouses of the United States District Court for the District of Colorado Completed between 1910 and 1916, the building was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, as USA Post Office and Federal Building. In 1994, it was renamed in honor of USA Supreme Court Justice Byron White  a native of Fort Collins, Colorado.</p><br>
<h2>Building history</h2><br>
<p>The grand Neo-Classical design of the Byron White USA Courthouse brought design elements popular in the eastern United States to Denver. The monumental scale and elegance expressed its official and public character, and served as inspiration for other civic buildings in the city.</p><br>
<p>By 1900, Denver was a major transportation crossroads and a significant western commercial city. The monumental 1893 USA Post Office was already considered outdated, leading the people of Denver to seek a new, larger building for the Post Office and Federal Courts.</p><br>
<p>Authorization for a new building was approved as early as 1903, but funds were not appropriated until 1908. In 1909, Office of the Supervising Architect of the Treasury Department James Knox Taylor selected New York architects Tracy, Swartwout, and Litchfield to design Denvers new Post Office and Courthouse. Egerton Swartwout designed the building, Evarts Tracy was working on nearby Cathedral of St. John in the Wilderness at that same time. It was one of only thirty-five Federal buildings built during Taylors tenure (1883–1912) that were designed by independent architects commissioned by the USA Treasury Department under the Tarsney Act. Passed in 1893, the Act authorized the Treasury Secretary to use private architects, selected through architectural competitions, to design Federal buildings. The Act reflected the growing demand for greater architectural standards for public buildings and opened the way for additional appropriations to maintain those standards.</p><br>
<p>Evarts Tracy (1868–1922) and Egerton Swartwout (1870–1943) graduated from Yale University and worked as draftsmen in the New York office of McKim, Mead, and White before establishing Tracy and Swartwout in New York in 1900. Electus Darwin Litchfield (1872–1952), a graduate of the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute and the Stevens Institute of Technology, joined the partnership in 1908.</p><br>
<p>Construction began in 1910, but progress was slow due to insufficient funds. The initial appropriation of $1,500,000 was supplemented with an additional $400,000 as a result of Denver Postmaster Joseph H. Harrison&#39;s lobbying effort in Washington, DC. The building opened in January 1916.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>With its monumental presence and dramatic public spaces, the courthouse is an excellent example of the Neoclassical architecture that dominated federal building design at the turn of the 20th century. Occupying an entire city block in downtown Denver and standing four stories in height, the building reflects the academic characteristics of the Neoclassical style with its symmetrical design, classical details, and imposing manner.</p><br>
<p>Clad in Colorado Yule Marble—the material used for the exterior of the Lincoln Memorial and the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Washington, D.C.—the USA Courthouse is set above the street on a rusticated base. A series of grand stairs lead up to the main entrance on the southeast elevation (Stout Street), which is marked by sixteen, three-story, Ionic order columns adorned with eagles. The secondary elevations incorporate similar, but less pronounced, engaged Ionic columns. Set above the third story, a decorative band of medallions and eagles form the base of the large ornamental cornice.</p><br>
<p>The frieze above the main entrance has city names, with cities located east of Denver inscribed to the east of the central bay and those located to the citys west inscribed to the bays west, symbolizing the flow of mail across the country. The solid marble walls on either side of the colonnade are inscribed with the names of former USA postmasters general. Inscriptions selected and designed by architect Evarts Tracy mark the secondary elevations of the building. The frieze facing Eighteenth Street reads "Lex Nemini Iniquum, Nemini Injuriam Facit" (a quotation from Cicero, "The law causes wrong or injury to no one"), and the Nineteenth Street side reads "Nulli Negabimus, Nulli Differemus, Jutitiam" (a quotation from the Magna Carta, "To no one shall we deny justice, nor shall we discriminate in its application"). Marble seats on the northeast and southwest sides of the building are inscribed, "Alternate rest and labor long endure," and "If thou desire rest, desire not too much."</p><br>
<p>The main entry lobby spans the width of the building, with windows opening out through the portico. It has a terrazzo floor and vaulted ceiling with arches springing from the pilasters. Names of Pony Express riders adorn the marble-faced walls. The USA Court of Appeals is located on the second floor along with the Law Library and a District Courtroom. The Law Library (now Courtroom Four) is clad with carved oak panels. An eagle and the Latin inscription, "Lux et Veritas" (light and truth), crown the exit. The USA District Courtroom A with its arched ceiling and pink-tinged white marble walls retains its original gold-trimmed black velvet drapery in the apse behind the judge&#39;s bench.</p><br>
<p>The USA Courthouse is embellished with notable artwork. A pair of Indiana Limestone sculptures of Rocky Mountain sheep commissioned from Denver artist Gladys Caldwell Fisher (1907–1952) sit at the southwest entrance. Fisher completed the sculptures, with help from two assistants, working under the Works Progress Administration in 1936. Prominent artwork within the building includes four canvas murals by Herman Schladermundt (1863–1937). The murals, Fortune Turns on Her Wheel—The Fate of Kings, Postal Service, Labor is Great Producer of Wealth, and Nil Sine Numine (Nothing Without Power), were completed in 1918 and shipped from New York.</p><br>
<p>Extensive building renovations were made in the 1950s and on into the 1960s when the USA Postal Service altered the lobby and first floor, constructed a concrete-block addition, demolished the Appellate Courtroom and Grand Jury Room, and removed original columns for expansion of the third floor. From 1992-1994 some of the alterations were reversed when the building was rehabilitated for use as the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit. The Appellate Courtroom and the Grand Jury Room on the third floor were reconstructed. The lobby, Ceremonial Courtroom, Courtroom Two, Courtroom Four, and District Courtroom A were restored to their original grandeur. The restoration received numerous preservation awards.</p><br>
<h2>Significant events</h2><br>
<p>1893: Passage of the Tarsney Act permits the Federal Government to hire private architects through competitions.</p><br>
<p>1908-1909: Funds are appropriated and a site purchased for a new Federal building; the New York firm of Tracy, Swartwout and Litchfield designs the USA Post Office and Federal Building.</p><br>
<p>1910-1916: The USA Post Office and Federal Building is constructed.</p><br>
<p>1918: Four canvas lobby murals by Herman T. Schladermundt of New York are installed.</p><br>
<p>1936:Stone sculptures of Rocky Mountain sheep by artist Gladys Caldwell Fisher are installed.</p><br>
<p>1950s: Extensive system modifications are made to the building; the third floor is expanded and the fourth floor altered for new courtrooms.</p><br>
<p>1962-1966: The USA Postal Service controls building and undertakes substantive alterations for its own use.</p><br>
<p>1973: The USA Post Office and Federal Building is listed in National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>1992-1994: USA General Services Administration undertakes an extensive renovation/ restoration of the building.</p><br>
<p>1994: The building is renamed and dedicated as the Byron White United States Courthouse.</p><br>
<p>1994-1997: Preservation of the Byron White United States Courthouse is recognized by numerous preservation awards.</p><br>
<p>The Große Auerberg is a hill, 580 m high, in the eastern Harz in the district of Mansfeld-Südharz in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. It is a so-called double peak with summits that are 580.4 metres high  and 580.3 metres high , which are about 470 metres apart.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The Große Auerberg rises within the Harz/Saxony-Anhalt Nature Park between Straßberg to the northeast, Hayn to the southeast, Schwenda to the south, Stolberg to the southwest and Breitenstein to the northwest. East of the hill is the source of the Thyra tributary, the Krummschlachtbach, west of the Thyra headstream, the Kleine Wilde.</p><br>
<h2>Geology</h2><br>
<p>The Auerberg is made of rhyolite (quartz porphyry), a volcanic rock. In the fine crystalline matrix (Grundmasse) are deposits of "Stolberg Diamonds" (Stolberger Diamanten), up to 13 mm thick, crystallised-out quartz and orthoclase grains.</p><br>
<h2>Joseph's Cross</h2><br>
<p>On the slightly lower peak, the so-called Josephshöhe ("Josephs Height"), the 38 metre high Josephskreuz ("Josephs Cross") was built in 1896. This is a steel lattice observation tower in the shape of a double cross. It is also checkpoint no. 215 in the Harzer Wandernadel.</p><br>
<h2>Transport and walking</h2><br>
<p>The Landesstraße 236 runs past the Großer Auerberg to the north and east. Formerly known as the Harzschützenstraße, it forms the border between Thuringia and Saxony. The summit may be reached in about 15 minutes walk from the car park near the hamlet of Auerberg or from the car park of the nature resort of Schindelbruch. The footpath from the Schindelbruch to the Cross is called the Straße der Lieder ("Road of Songs"). Along the path are 16 boards with the text of German folk songs.</p><br>
<p>Dunraven Peak el. 9,869 ft is a mountain peak in the Washburn Range of Yellowstone National Park. In 1874, just two years after the park&#39;s creation, the Earl of Dunraven, a titled Englishman made a visit to Yellowstone in conjunction with a hunting expedition lead by Texas Jack Omohundro to the Northern Rockies. He was so impressed with the park, that he devoted well over 150 pages to Yellowstone in his, published in London in 1874. The Great Divide was one of the earliest works to praise and publicize the park.</p><br>
<p>In 1878 during a USA Geological Survey of the park, Henry Gannett, a geographer working with the survey, named a peak just two miles southwest of Mount Washburn in the honor of the Earl of Dunraven and the service his book had done for the park. In 1879, Philetus Norris, the park superintendent gave a pass on the Grand Loop Road between Tower and Canyon the name Dunraven Pass because of its proximity to Dunraven Peak.</p><br>
<p>The John Linsey  Rand House is a historic home located at Friendship in Brown Township, Ripley County, Indiana. It is owned by the National Muzzle Loading Rifle Association for use as their national headquarters and offices.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<h2>Style</h2><br>
<p>It was built between 1875 and 1878, and is a two-story, "L"-plan, Italianate style brick dwelling. It consists of a roughly square hip roofed main block with a one-story rear kitchen wing. The Italianate style was popularized in the United States by Alexander Jackson Davis in the 1840s as an alternative to Gothic or Greek Revival styles.</p><br>
<h2>Builder and later owners</h2><br>
<p>The original property was owned by Thomas Wilson (1784–1874) and was part of an estate with several hundred acres. After his death, his land was divided amongst 3 heirs, including his daughter Elizabeth Ellen (Wilson) and her husband John L Rand.</p><br>
<p>John L Rand began construction of the house in 1875. The family, which included 1 boy and 2 girls, moved into the house in 1878. Within the next few years, the property was improved by the addition of a well house (far right in old photo), 3-story barn (just right of the house), granary (just right of the barn) and chicken house (far left).</p><br>
<p>The oil portrait to the left was commissioned in about 1880 from the original black-and-white photo and illustrates the original color scheme of the home and out buildings.</p><br>
<p>On March 28, 1903, John L Rand sold all of his Ripley County, Indiana property to John Paul and his son James, and moved to a farm in Marion County, Indiana. Ironically, his next home also carries his name and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the Nicholson-Rand House.</p><br>
